{"id":109,"date":"2014-12-15T00:38:11","date_gmt":"2014-12-14T22:38:11","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/codulbibliei.editura-fotini.ro\/blog\/?p=109"},"modified":"2014-12-15T00:38:11","modified_gmt":"2014-12-14T22:38:11","slug":"ce-este-codul-bibliei-ii","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/codulbibliei.editura-fotini.ro\/blog\/2014\/12\/15\/ce-este-codul-bibliei-ii\/","title":{"rendered":"Ce este codul Bibliei? (II)"},"content":{"rendered":"<div style=\"text-align:left\" class=\"yasr-auto-insert-visitor\"><\/div><p>&Atilde;&#381;n articolul precedent am amintit de <em>secven&Egrave;&rsaquo;e de litere echidistante<\/em>. Ce sunt acestea?<br>\nA&Egrave;&trade;a cum spune &Egrave;&trade;i numele sunt litere aflate la distan&Egrave;&rsaquo;&Auml;&fnof; egal&Auml;&fnof; una de alta. Citirea de face din <em>&acirc;&euro;&#382;n&acirc;&euro;&#157;<\/em> &Atilde;&reg;n <em>&acirc;&euro;&#382;n&acirc;&euro;&#157;<\/em> litere.<br>\nS&Auml;&fnof; d&Auml;&fnof;m un exemplu. Dac&Auml;&fnof; &Atilde;&reg;ncepem cu litera 1, citim 1, 11, 21, 31, 41, 51, &hellip; &Egrave;&trade;i citim un cuv&Atilde;&cent;nt inteligibil. Dac&Auml;&fnof; &Atilde;&reg;ncepem cu litera 5, citim literele 5, 15, 25, 35, 45, 55, &hellip; pentru a g&Auml;&fnof;si un cuv&Atilde;&cent;nt inteligibil. &Atilde;&#381;n cele dou&Auml;&fnof; exemple de mai sus am folosit un salt de 10.<\/p>\n<p>Acest mod de citire este destul de greoi, dar pentru a u&Egrave;&trade;ura munca putem aranja textul pe 10 coloane, ca la un rebus. Astfel se formeaza o <a class=\"glossaryLink\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Matrice&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Dispunerea textului pe r&Atilde;&cent;nduri &Egrave;&trade;i coloane, ca &Atilde;&reg;ntr-un tabel. Citirea normal&Auml;&fnof; a textului, &Atilde;&reg;n limba ebraic&Auml;&fnof;, se face pe orizontal&Auml;&fnof;, de la dreapta la st&Atilde;&cent;nga, iar cuvintele ascunse (numite &Egrave;&trade;i coduri) pe vertical&Auml;&fnof;. Cuvintele care apar pe vertical&Auml;&fnof; sunt &amp;lt;em&amp;gt;secven&Egrave;&rsaquo;e de litere echidistante&amp;lt;\/em&amp;gt; (ELS).&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/codulbibliei.editura-fotini.ro\/blog\/glossary\/matrice\/\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]'  tabindex='0' role='link'>matrice<\/a> sau un tabel cu 10 coloane &Egrave;&trade;i mai multe r&Atilde;&cent;nduri. Iat&Auml;&fnof; cum ar ar&Auml;&fnof;ta tabelul:<\/p>\n<table border=\"1\" width=\"344\" align=\"center\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"28\">\n<p align=\"center\"><strong>1<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"28\">\n<p align=\"center\">2<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"28\">\n<p align=\"center\"><strong>3<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"28\">\n<p align=\"center\">4<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"28\">\n<p align=\"center\"><strong>5<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"28\">\n<p align=\"center\">6<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"28\">\n<p align=\"center\">7<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"28\">\n<p align=\"center\"><strong>8<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"28\">\n<p align=\"center\">9<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"28\">\n<p align=\"center\">10<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"28\">\n<p align=\"center\"><strong>11<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"28\">\n<p align=\"center\">12<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"28\">\n<p align=\"center\"><strong>13<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"28\">\n<p align=\"center\">14<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"28\">\n<p align=\"center\"><strong>15<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"28\">\n<p align=\"center\">16<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"28\">\n<p align=\"center\"><strong>17<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"28\">\n<p align=\"center\"><strong>18<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"28\">\n<p align=\"center\">19<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"28\">\n<p align=\"center\">20<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"28\">\n<p align=\"center\"><strong>21<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"28\">\n<p align=\"center\">22<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"28\">\n<p align=\"center\"><strong>23<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"28\">\n<p align=\"center\">24<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"28\">\n<p align=\"center\"><strong>25<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"28\">\n<p align=\"center\"><strong>26<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"28\">\n<p align=\"center\">27<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"28\">\n<p align=\"center\"><strong>28<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"28\">\n<p align=\"center\">29<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"28\">\n<p align=\"center\">30<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"28\">\n<p align=\"center\"><strong>31<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"28\">\n<p align=\"center\">32<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"28\">\n<p align=\"center\"><strong>33<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"28\">\n<p align=\"center\">34<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"28\">\n<p align=\"center\"><strong>35<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"28\">\n<p align=\"center\">36<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"28\">\n<p align=\"center\">37<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"28\">\n<p align=\"center\"><strong>38<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"28\">\n<p align=\"center\">39<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"28\">\n<p align=\"center\">40<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"28\">\n<p align=\"center\"><strong>41<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"28\">\n<p align=\"center\">42<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"28\">\n<p align=\"center\">43<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"28\">\n<p align=\"center\"><strong>44<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"28\">\n<p align=\"center\"><strong>45<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"28\">\n<p align=\"center\">46<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"28\">\n<p align=\"center\">47<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"28\">\n<p align=\"center\"><strong>48<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"28\">\n<p align=\"center\">49<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"28\">\n<p align=\"center\">50<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&Atilde;&#381;n acest caz orice cuv&Atilde;&cent;nt format pe vertical&Auml;&fnof; poate fi u&Egrave;&trade;or identificat &Egrave;&trade;i citit. Aceast&Auml;&fnof; metod&Auml;&fnof; se preteaz&Auml;&fnof; pentru o analiz&Auml;&fnof; manual&Auml;&fnof;, dar cere munc&Auml;&fnof; mult&Auml;&fnof; pentru scrierea textului pe matrici de diverse dimensiuni.<\/p>\n<p>Rezolvarea a adus-o tehnica de calcul, care folose&Egrave;&trade;te prima variant&Auml;&fnof; de citire.<br>\nProcedura este urm&Auml;&fnof;toarea. Se alege cuv&Atilde;&cent;ntul apoi se cere programului s&Auml;&fnof; caute cuv&Atilde;&cent;ntul &Atilde;&reg;n cod.<br>\nS&Auml;&fnof; lu&Auml;&fnof;m cuv&Atilde;&cent;ntul <strong><em><a class=\"glossaryLink\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Tora&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;vezi: Torah.&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/codulbibliei.editura-fotini.ro\/blog\/glossary\/tora\/\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]'  tabindex='0' role='link'>Tora<\/a><\/em><\/strong>.<br>\nProgramul porne&Egrave;&trade;te de la primul <strong>T<\/strong> din text &Egrave;&trade;i caut&Auml;&fnof; a dou&Auml;&fnof; liter&Auml;&fnof; a cuv&Atilde;&cent;ntului, <strong>O<\/strong>. C&Atilde;&cent;nd a g&Auml;&fnof;sit-o stabile&Egrave;&trade;te pasul de citire &Egrave;&trade;i caut&Auml;&fnof; a treia liter&Auml;&fnof;, <strong>R<\/strong>, la acela&Egrave;&trade;i pas. Dac&Auml;&fnof; o g&Auml;&fnof;se&Egrave;&trade;te merge mai departe &Egrave;&trade;i caut&Auml;&fnof; litera <strong>A<\/strong>, la acela&Egrave;&trade;i pas. Dac&Auml;&fnof; o gase&Egrave;&trade;te, &Atilde;&reg;nseamn&Auml;&fnof; c&Auml;&fnof; a identificat cuvintul codificat.<\/p>\n<p>Dac&Auml;&fnof; a g&Auml;&fnof;sit <strong>T<\/strong> &Egrave;&trade;i <strong>O<\/strong>, dar nu a g&Auml;&fnof;sit litera<strong> R<\/strong> la acela&Egrave;&trade;i interval, programul p&Auml;&fnof;r&Auml;&fnof;se&Egrave;&trade;te c&Auml;&fnof;utarea &Egrave;&trade;i schimb&Auml;&fnof; pasul. Porne&Egrave;&trade;te de la primul <strong>T<\/strong> &Egrave;&trade;i caut&Auml;&fnof; al doilea <strong>O<\/strong>; stabile&Egrave;&trade;te pasul &Egrave;&trade;i caut&Auml;&fnof; a treia liter&Auml;&fnof;, <strong>R<\/strong>. Dac&Auml;&fnof; o g&Auml;&fnof;se&Egrave;&trade;te caut&Auml;&fnof; &Egrave;&trade;i litera <strong>A<\/strong>. Dac&Auml;&fnof; nu o g&Auml;&fnof;se&Egrave;&trade;te, p&Auml;&fnof;r&Auml;&fnof;se&Egrave;&trade;te procedura &Egrave;&trade;i schimb&Auml;&fnof; pasul a&Egrave;&trade;a cum am explicat mai sus. Calculatorul execut aceste c&Auml;&fnof;ut&Auml;&fnof;ri foarte rapid. O c&Auml;&fnof;utare manual&Auml;&fnof; ar presupune o munc&Auml;&fnof; de zeci de ani.<\/p>\n<p>&Atilde;&#381;n tabelul de mai sus putem citi cuvintele:<br>\n1, 11, 21, 31, 41; &Acirc;&nbsp;pas = 10<br>\n3, 13, 23, 33; pas = 10<br>\n5, 15, 25, 35, 45; pas = 10<br>\n18, 28, 38, 48; pas = 10<br>\ndar &Egrave;&trade;i un cuv&Atilde;&cent;nt pe diagonal&Auml;&fnof;<br>\n8, 17, 26, 35, 44; pas = 9<\/p>\n<p>C&Atilde;&cent;nd textul este a&Egrave;&trade;ezat pe coloane identificarea se face vizual pentru toate cuvintele observate. Se poate c&Auml;&fnof;uta cuvinte anule alese sau se poate identifica orice cuvint inteligibil. &Atilde;&#381;n cazul c&Auml;&fnof;ut&Auml;&fnof;rii computerizate se porne&Egrave;&trade;te de la un cuv&Atilde;&cent;nt anume ales &Egrave;&trade;i se cere programului s&Auml;&fnof;-l identifice unde apare &Egrave;&trade;i de c&Atilde;&cent;te ori apare &Atilde;&reg; textul ales.<\/p>\n<p>Pe o <a class=\"glossaryLink\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Matrice&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Dispunerea textului pe r&Atilde;&cent;nduri &Egrave;&trade;i coloane, ca &Atilde;&reg;ntr-un tabel. Citirea normal&Auml;&fnof; a textului, &Atilde;&reg;n limba ebraic&Auml;&fnof;, se face pe orizontal&Auml;&fnof;, de la dreapta la st&Atilde;&cent;nga, iar cuvintele ascunse (numite &Egrave;&trade;i coduri) pe vertical&Auml;&fnof;. Cuvintele care apar pe vertical&Auml;&fnof; sunt &amp;lt;em&amp;gt;secven&Egrave;&rsaquo;e de litere echidistante&amp;lt;\/em&amp;gt; (ELS).&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/codulbibliei.editura-fotini.ro\/blog\/glossary\/matrice\/\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]'  tabindex='0' role='link'>matrice<\/a> de 10 coloane putem identifica cuvinte cu pas 10, dar &Egrave;&trade;i cu pas 9, sau 11, 20 sau 30. Cele cu pas 9 sau 11 se citesc &Atilde;&reg;n diagonal&Auml;&fnof;, iar cele cu pas 20 din dou&Auml;&fnof; &Atilde;&reg;n dou&Auml;&fnof; r&Atilde;&cent;nduri, iar cele cu pas 30 din trei &Atilde;&reg;n trei r&Atilde;&cent;nduri.<br>\n10, 30, 50; pas = 20<br>\n10, 40, 70; pas = 30<\/p>\n<p>&Atilde;&#381;n cazul &Atilde;&reg;n care c&Auml;&fnof;utarea se face computerizat un cuv&Atilde;&cent;nt ales poate fi identificat la orice pas &Atilde;&reg;n c&Atilde;&cent;teva secunde, ceea ce manual ar cere &Egrave;&trade;i sute de ore de munc&Auml;&fnof;.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&Atilde;&#381;n articolul precedent am amintit de secven&Egrave;&rsaquo;e de litere echidistante. Ce sunt acestea? A&Egrave;&trade;a cum spune &Egrave;&trade;i numele sunt litere aflate la distan&Egrave;&rsaquo;&Auml;&fnof; egal&Auml;&fnof; una de alta. Citirea de face din &acirc;&euro;&#382;n&acirc;&euro;&#157; &Atilde;&reg;n &acirc;&euro;&#382;n&acirc;&euro;&#157; litere. S&Auml;&fnof; d&Auml;&fnof;m un exemplu. Dac&Auml;&fnof; &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/codulbibliei.editura-fotini.ro\/blog\/2014\/12\/15\/ce-este-codul-bibliei-ii\/\">Continu&#259; s&#259; cite&#537;ti <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"yasr_overall_rating":0,"yasr_post_is_review":"","yasr_auto_insert_disabled":"","yasr_review_type":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[3,7],"tags":[10,89,27,91,26],"class_list":["post-109","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-articole","category-codul-bibliei","tag-biblia","tag-codul-bibliei","tag-els","tag-tora","tag-tutorial"],"yasr_visitor_votes":{"stars_attributes":{"read_only":false,"span_bottom":false},"number_of_votes":0,"sum_votes":0},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/codulbibliei.editura-fotini.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/109","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/codulbibliei.editura-fotini.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/codulbibliei.editura-fotini.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/codulbibliei.editura-fotini.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/codulbibliei.editura-fotini.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=109"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/codulbibliei.editura-fotini.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/109\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":110,"href":"https:\/\/codulbibliei.editura-fotini.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/109\/revisions\/110"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/codulbibliei.editura-fotini.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=109"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/codulbibliei.editura-fotini.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=109"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/codulbibliei.editura-fotini.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=109"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}